双色场诱导气体产生相干可控的四次谐波

利用钛宝石飞秒激光器输出的基频脉冲ω及其倍频脉冲2ω所构成双色场作用空气, 实验中检测到了中心波长处于真空紫外波段的四阶谐波. 在气体未发生电离的情况下, 四次谐波强度对双色场的能力依赖关系显示其产生是参量过程2ω+ω+ω→4ω的贡献. 当气体发生电离, 四次谐波强度与双色场相对相位有关, 可通过双色场相干控制. 实验研究了四次谐波对双色场相位的依赖性以及与太赫兹波的关联性, 其结果与数值模拟结果相符, 分析发现当气体发生电离时四次谐波的产生过程存在太赫兹辐射Ω_THz的参与, 是参量过程2ω+2ω±Ω_THz→4ω和2ω+ω+ω→4ω的共同贡献.     

浅析电子型掺杂铜氧化物超导体的退火过程

铜氧化物高温超导体的发现, 打破了基于电声子相互作用BCS理论所预言的超导转变温度极限, 掀开了高温超导材料探索和高温超导机理研究的序幕. 根据掺杂类型的不同, 铜氧化物超导材料可以分为空穴型掺杂和电子型掺杂两类. 受限于样品, 对电子型掺杂铜氧化物的研究工作远少于空穴型掺杂体系. 本文简要回顾有关电子型掺杂铜氧化物超导体近期研究成果, 通过对比电子型掺杂和空穴型掺杂铜氧化物的相图来阐明电子型掺杂铜氧化物的研究对探索高温超导机理的必要性, 并特别针对电子型掺杂样品制备中的关键因素“退火过程”展开讨论. 结合课题组最新实验结果和相关实验报道我们发现电子型掺杂铜氧化物超导体在制备过程中除受到温度和氧分压的影响外, 退火效果还受到界面应力的强烈调制. 在综合考虑样品生长过程中温度、气氛及应力等多种因素的基础上, 探讨了“保护退火”方法导致电子型体系化学掺杂相图变化的起因.     

快速退火对PLD法制备SnS薄膜结构和光学性质的影响

利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)法在玻璃基片上室温生长SnS薄膜,并在Ar气保护下分别在200,300,400,500,600℃对薄膜进行快速退火处理。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱仪(Raman)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、场发射扫描电子显微镜( FE-SEM)、紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计( UV-Vis-NIR)、Keithley 4200-SCS半导体参数分析仪研究了快速退火温度对SnS薄膜的晶体结构、表面形貌以及有关光学性质和电学性能的影响。所制备的SnS薄膜样品沿(111)晶面择优取向生长,退火温度为400℃时的薄膜结晶质量最好。薄膜均具有SnS特征拉曼峰。随着退火温度的升高,薄膜厚度逐渐减小,而平均颗粒尺寸逐渐增大。不同退火温度下的SnS薄膜在可见光范围内的吸收系数均为105 cm-1量级,400℃时退火薄膜的直接带隙为1.92 eV。随着退火温度从300℃升高到500℃,电阻率由1.85×104Ω·cm下降到14.97Ω·cm。     

金属蒸气真空弧离子源CO离子注入对不锈钢摩擦磨损性能的影响

采用金属蒸气真空弧离子源对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢进行Co离子注入,考察了注入处理试样的摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:Co注入处理样品的表面硬度比未注入样品的高1.0～1.5倍,且硬度随离子束流密度的增大而增大;Co注入处理试样的摩擦系数显著降低至约0.20,磨损体积损失降低25%～45%;当束流密度为22μA/cm2、注入剂量为5×1017/cm2时,注入处理样品的摩擦系数为0.19,耐磨寿命最长;在所选定的试验参数范围以内,当临界束流密度处于22μA/cm2时,保留剂量最大,改性表面硬度最高,耐磨性能最佳.     

Effect of Isochronous Annealing on the Formation of Shear Bands in the Vicinity of a Stress Concentrator on the Surface of Iron-Based Amorphous Alloys

The effect of isochronous annealing on the formation of shear bands in the vicinity of a stress concentrator on the surface of an amorphous material is studied. Using the local deformation method, a parameter is introduced to determine the temperature interval in which amorphous and crystal phases coexist.     

Effect of the Intermolecular Potential on the Generalized Newton-Fourier Relations in the Problem of Gas Outflow into a Vacuum

Using the numerical method of direct statistical simulation (Monte-Carlo method), the effect of the intermolecular potential exponent on the dependence of the stress and the heat flux on the stress rate tensor components and the temperature gradient is analyzed for the nonequilibrium, spherically symmetric outflow of a monatomic gas into a vacuum. Analytical approximations of the constitutive relations are presented. The dependence of the macroscopic parameters on the distance from the source is found.     

Pressure of the fluctuating vacuum: Interpretation of the attractive and repulsive Casimir force

We calculate the Casimir force between two magnetodielectric slabs. The force expression is expressed in terms of parameters with which the repulsive effect is more transparent and convenient for numerical analysis. Finally, we propose a physical interpretation of the effect which clarifies the sign of force properly.     

The pentacene films on the glass/ITO surface: structure and optical properties

Abstract

The structure, morphology and optical transmittance spectra of pentacene films on the (glass/ITO) surface were studied. The films were grown by two methods - the thermal vacuum deposition (TVD) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The electron diffraction pattern from thermally deposited pentacene films confirms their polycrystalline structure while the diffraction pattern of PLD-coated layers has a diffusion character. The results obtained showed that layers deposited by the TVD method has an optical spectrum that is characteristic for the pentacene film in contrary to the layers deposited by the PLD method. It is found a sensitivity of the optical transmittance of pentacene films to the ammonia action, which may be used for development the optical gas sensor.     

Investigation of unstable motion characteristics of vacuum arc cathode spots between transverse magnetic field contacts

With the improvement of the current level of power grids, the requirements of the opening level of the vacuum switches are also increasing. Vacuum arc cathode spots provide steam and electrons and, to a certain extent, determine the opening capacity of the vacuum switch. In this paper, a vacuum arc cathode spot research platform based on the de-mountable vacuum chamber is constructed. The characteristics of the vacuum arc cathode spots under the transverse magnetic field (TMF) contacts are assessed by a high-speed charge coupled device. The experimental results show that the cathode spot diffusion process can be divided into three processes through cathode spot distribution, arc voltage and current: initial diffusion stage of cathode spots, unstable motion stage of cathode spots, and extinguishing stage. The motion mode of cathode spots during unstable motion stage can be divided into cathode spots group stagnation (CSGS) to multi-cathode jet (MCJ) switch mode, cathode spots group motion (CSGM) to MCJ switch mode, CSGM mode, and MCJ mode. The effects of peak current and contact diameter on unstable motion mode were analysed.